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Arterials is a transportation consultancy specializing in integrated planning, traffic engineering, GIS analysis, and mobility modeling. We support better movement, safer infrastructure, and long-term urban growth.

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Transportation Planning Resources

Planning and Engineering Topics

• Standard Geometries in Road and Highway Design: Quick Reference
  Designing streets and highways requires careful attention to geometric standards. Lane widths, sidewalk sizes, medians, and other roadway elements affect safety, efficiency, and comfort. This guide provides a comprehensive reference for planners and traffic engineers, including typical… Read more: Standard Geometries in Road and Highway Design: Quick Reference
• Complete Streets: Designing Roads for Everyone
  In modern urban planning, streets are no longer just about moving cars efficiently. A Complete Street is designed to safely accommodate all users; drivers, pedestrians, cyclists, transit riders, and people with disabilities. By prioritizing accessibility, safety, and… Read more: Complete Streets: Designing Roads for Everyone
• Transportation & Traffic Engineering Abbreviations: Quick Reference Glossary
  This glossary provides a comprehensive reference of commonly used abbreviations in transportation and traffic engineering. It covers terminology relevant to traffic studies, transportation planning, pavement design, and transit operations. Each entry includes a concise definition, with links… Read more: Transportation & Traffic Engineering Abbreviations: Quick Reference Glossary
• ArcGIS Pro vs QGIS: Which GIS Software Should Students and Young Professionals Learn?
  Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are a core technical skill across urban planning, transportation engineering, environmental management, infrastructure development, and spatial data science. For students and young professionals entering the geospatial industry, one of the most common questions… Read more: ArcGIS Pro vs QGIS: Which GIS Software Should Students and Young Professionals Learn?
• How to Estimate / Calculate Construction Traffic for Pavement Design
  When designing roads, access drives, or service lanes around a development, engineers often focus on long-term operational traffic. However, in many projects, the most damaging traffic occurs during construction, not after completion. Heavy dump trucks, concrete mixers,… Read more: How to Estimate / Calculate Construction Traffic for Pavement Design
• Green Time vs Effective Green Time: What’s the Difference?
  Signalized intersections are at the heart of urban mobility. To optimize traffic flow, planners and engineers must understand key signal timing concepts—two of the most important being Green Time and Effective Green Time. Although they sound similar,… Read more: Green Time vs Effective Green Time: What’s the Difference?
• ITE Trip Generation Manual 12th Edition — What’s New and How to Access It
  In the world of traffic engineering and transportation planning, few resources are as widely recognized (and as frustratingly hard to access) as the ITE Trip Generation Manual. With the release of the 12th Edition, transportation professionals are… Read more: ITE Trip Generation Manual 12th Edition — What’s New and How to Access It
• What Is ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers) — And Why Every Transportation Professional Should Know About It
  Transportation planning and traffic engineering are rapidly evolving — from traditional road design to smart mobility, AI-driven analytics, and sustainable transport. Yet behind all this progress, there’s one global organization quietly connecting professionals, setting standards, and advancing… Read more: What Is ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers) — And Why Every Transportation Professional Should Know About It
• How Artificial Intelligence Is Transforming Transportation Planning and Traffic Engineering
  Transportation planning is becoming more complex than ever. Cities are expanding, travel behavior is shifting, and decision-makers are under pressure to deliver data-driven, sustainable solutions. Traditionally, transportation planners relied on manual surveys, static models, and limited datasets… Read more: How Artificial Intelligence Is Transforming Transportation Planning and Traffic Engineering
• AI Traffic Counting: The Smarter Way to Collect Traffic Data
  Traffic data is essential for city planners, transportation engineers, and traffic management authorities. Traditionally, collecting traffic counts has been a labor-intensive, slow, and sometimes error-prone process. But with advances in artificial intelligence, traffic counting has become faster,… Read more: AI Traffic Counting: The Smarter Way to Collect Traffic Data
• What is PCU (Passenger Car Unit) in Traffic Engineering?
  When analyzing roads, intersections, and traffic flow, engineers face a common challenge: vehicles are not all the same. A car, a motorcycle, a truck, and a rickshaw each take up different amounts of road space, move at… Read more: What is PCU (Passenger Car Unit) in Traffic Engineering?
• What is Rush Hour Traffic? How Engineers Calculate Peak Hour Traffic Volumes
  When most people talk about rush hour traffic, they’re thinking about the frustrating congestion on roads during the morning and evening commute. Transportation engineers use a more technical term for the same idea: peak hour traffic. Understanding… Read more: What is Rush Hour Traffic? How Engineers Calculate Peak Hour Traffic Volumes
• Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) Guidelines for Municipalities
  Traffic Impact Assessments (TIAs) are critical tools that help municipalities understand how new developments will affect local transportation networks. These TIA guidelines provide a practical framework for preparing and reviewing TIAs in municipalities that do not yet… Read more: Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) Guidelines for Municipalities
• How to estimate ridership for a transit line — a practical, end-to-end guide
  Estimating ridership is the single most important early exercise in mass transit planning. A realistic ridership estimate tells you whether a scheme is worth designing, what level of service you should provide, and whether further investment in… Read more: How to estimate ridership for a transit line — a practical, end-to-end guide
• What is AADT (Annual Average Daily Traffic) in Traffic Engineering?
  Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) is one of the most fundamental measures in traffic engineering and transportation planning. It represents the average number of vehicles that travel on a roadway segment each day over the course of… Read more: What is AADT (Annual Average Daily Traffic) in Traffic Engineering?
• Understanding the K-Factor in Traffic Engineering
  In traffic engineering, the K-factor is a critical parameter used in roadway design and traffic analysis. It represents the proportion of Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) that occurs during the design hour, and it allows engineers to… Read more: Understanding the K-Factor in Traffic Engineering
• Climate-Resilient Public Transit: Protecting Buses, Rail, and Depots from Extreme Weather
  Why Public Transit Needs Climate Resilience Public transit systems—buses, metros, trams, and commuter rail—are the lifeblood of urban mobility. As cities grow, they are also frontline services in the fight against climate change. But extreme weather events… Read more: Climate-Resilient Public Transit: Protecting Buses, Rail, and Depots from Extreme Weather
• Innovative Road Design Solutions for Climate Resilience
  Why Roads Must Adapt to a Changing Climate Roads and highways form the backbone of global transport networks. Yet, they are increasingly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change—flooding, extreme heat, erosion, and storm damage. As weather… Read more: Innovative Road Design Solutions for Climate Resilience
• Adapting Road and Rail Networks to Climate Change & Extreme Weather
  Why Climate Resilience Matters Climate change is no longer a distant risk—it is a present-day reality. Rising temperatures, heavier rainfall, stronger storms, and frequent flooding are directly affecting how transport systems operate. Road and rail networks, designed… Read more: Adapting Road and Rail Networks to Climate Change & Extreme Weather
• BRT vs. LRT vs. Metro: Choosing the Right Transit Mode for Your City
  Urban mobility is at the heart of sustainable city growth. Around the world, cities face the challenge of moving large numbers of people efficiently, affordably, and with minimal environmental impact. Three of the most common mass transit… Read more: BRT vs. LRT vs. Metro: Choosing the Right Transit Mode for Your City